Below is a relevant academic paper that explores with a focus on time and physiological load, which may align with what you're seeking: Recommended Paper: Title: Physiological and Physical Responses to Small-Sided Games in Futsal Players: Influence of Playing Format and Rest Periods

Physical and Physiological Demands of Veteran Futsal Players (Over 40 Years) During Official Matches Authors: M. Sousa, H. Santos (2022, International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport ) Finding: Veteran players cover ~40 m/min less than younger athletes, with lower heart rates (≈85% of HRmax) but similar tactical involvement.

This study examined how different game durations (including 4-minute bouts similar to "40" if referring to 40-second intervals) and player numbers affect heart rate, perceived exertion, and distance covered. It found that shorter, intense bouts (e.g., 40-second to 1-minute drills) combined with active recovery improve anaerobic performance and tactical decision-making in veteran and elite futsal players.

Journal of Sports Sciences , 2021 (Volume 39, Issue 12)

Nuno B. F. R. Silva, Ricardo J. Fernandes, et al.

Futsal — 40

Below is a relevant academic paper that explores with a focus on time and physiological load, which may align with what you're seeking: Recommended Paper: Title: Physiological and Physical Responses to Small-Sided Games in Futsal Players: Influence of Playing Format and Rest Periods

Physical and Physiological Demands of Veteran Futsal Players (Over 40 Years) During Official Matches Authors: M. Sousa, H. Santos (2022, International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport ) Finding: Veteran players cover ~40 m/min less than younger athletes, with lower heart rates (≈85% of HRmax) but similar tactical involvement.

This study examined how different game durations (including 4-minute bouts similar to "40" if referring to 40-second intervals) and player numbers affect heart rate, perceived exertion, and distance covered. It found that shorter, intense bouts (e.g., 40-second to 1-minute drills) combined with active recovery improve anaerobic performance and tactical decision-making in veteran and elite futsal players.

Journal of Sports Sciences , 2021 (Volume 39, Issue 12)

Nuno B. F. R. Silva, Ricardo J. Fernandes, et al.

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