Criminality New Script -

Actor-Network Theory (Latour, 2005) becomes criminologically useful. Non-human actors (algorithms, smart contracts, blockchain validators) are actants that shape criminal outcomes. A poorly coded smart contract is not just a tool; it is a co-producer of the crime.

[Your Name/Academic Institution]

A stalker uses a compromised smart lock (IoT device) to unlock a victim’s front door remotely. The intrusion is physical, but the means are purely digital. Conversely, a riot incited by a disinformation campaign on Telegram has digital origins but physical outcomes (looting, arson). Criminality New Script

We need an algorithmic criminology that studies how code, data structures, and computational incentives create crime opportunities. Crime becomes a failure of system design , not merely a failure of morality. Actor-Network Theory (Latour